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Author

Dr. Gaurang Ramesh

Date

July 16, 2023

What is Infertility?

Who is considered an Infertile couple?

Couple unable to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of regular unprotected intercourse.

What are the causes of Female Infertility?

Ovary

  • Effect of age
  • PCOS
  • Central and hypothalamic anovulation
  • Ovarian cysts – endometriosis

Tuboperitoneal factors

  • Endometriosis
  • Abnormal tubal function

Infection

  • Chlamydia trachomatis
  • Gonorrhoea

Uterus

  • Myomas
  • Mullerian malformation
  • Polyps
  • Adhesion

Cervix

  • Anatomical abnormalities
  • Thin cervical channel
  • Infections
  • Immunologic

Unexplained

  • Failed fertilisation
  • Failed implantation
  • Poor embryo development

Immunologic

  • Male-Serum
      Semen
      Sperm
  • Female-Serum
       Vaginal and cervical secretions
       Follicular fluid

Hysteroscopy in Infertility

Used to correct anatomical abnormalities, i,e septate uterus, subseptate uterus, difficult cannulation, removal of scarring and clear blockages.

What is IVF?

Multi-step process (called a cycle) in which your eggs are extracted and fertilized with sperm in a laboratory. Once embryos develop, one or two are implanted in your uterus and the rest are stored.

What is Artificial insemination (IUI)?

Specially prepared sperm is inserted directly into the uterus through a thin, flexible catheter during IUI.

Fertility Drugs

In the form of pills/injections, these release hormones that induce ovulation to boost egg production and make the uterus more receptive to embryo implantation.

What are the Treatment modalities?

Infertility may be treated with medicine, surgery, artificial insemination or assisted reproductive technology based on couples test results and other factors. There are severe grades of severity and its important to establish a prognosis after a workup.

Doctors use the histories of both partners and may run tests

  • Sperm studies
  • Ovulation tests
  • Ultrasonography (USG)
  • Hysterosalpingography (HSG)
  • Laparoscopy (Diagnostic/Operative)
  • Hysteroscopy (Diagnostic /Operative)

Laparoscopy in Infertility

Used for

  • Ovarian Drilling in PCOS
  • Endometriotic/Complex Cyst Removal
  • Adhesiolysis/ Salpingovariolysis
  • Fimbroplasty
  • Tubal Re-canalisation /Anastomosis

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Infertility Home > Blogs Author Dr. Gaurang Ramesh Date July 16, 2023 What is Infertility? Who is considered an Infertile couple? Couple unable to achieve pregnancy after 1 year of regular unprotected intercourse. What are the causes of Female Infertility? Ovary Effect of age PCOS Central and hypothalamic anovulation Ovarian cysts – endometriosis Tuboperitoneal factors […]